Vermistatin

Vermistatin is a funicone-like polyketide secondary metabolite produced by species of Penicillium and Talaromyces. Biosynthetic regulation studies demonstrated that its production is influenced by carbon and nitrogen sources and metal ion concentrations. Bioactivity investigations revealed that vermistatin derivatives exhibit ?-glucosidase inhibitory activity, with vermistatin analogues displaying single-digit micromolar IC50 values. In antiviral assays against canine coronavirus (CCoV), vermistatin improved cell viability at non-toxic concentrations and strongly suppressed expression of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), accompanied by lysosomal alkalinization. These findings define vermistatin as a bioactive fungal metabolite with enzyme inhibitory and antiviral properties linked to metabolic and host signaling modulation.