Representative 1H NMR (DMSO-d6, 500 MHz) spectrum confirming the structure of Dimerumic acid. Representative 13C NMR (DMSO-d6, 125 MHz) spectrum supporting structural assignment of Dimerumic acid.
Source Organism
Pochonia sp.
Summary
Dimerumic acid is a hydroxamate siderophore that chelates iron and is used in oxidative stress research.
Details
Dimerumic acid is a fungal hydroxamic acid-containing siderophore identified as a cleavage product of coprogen-type iron chelators and independently produced by several fungi. It functions as an iron-chelating metabolite under iron-deficient conditions and is biosynthesized via NRPS-dependent pathways. Mechanistically, dimerumic acid donates an electron through its hydroxamic acid group to neutralize reactive oxygen species, forming a nitroxide radical and inhibiting lipid peroxidation. It protects hepatocytes from oxidative stress-induced cytotoxicity and serves as a chemical probe for studying iron homeostasis and antioxidant defense.