Representative 1H NMR (CD3OD, 500 MHz) spectrum confirming the structure of PF1140. Representative 13C NMR (CD3OD, 125 MHz) spectrum supporting structural assignment of PF1140.
Source Organism
Penicillium raphiae.
Summary
PF1140 is a fungal N-hydroxypyridone natural product that chelates iron and exhibits antifungal activity.
Details
PF1140 is an N-hydroxypyridone secondary metabolite isolated from various Penicillium species and structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography. Its N-hydroxypyridone moiety enables strong Fe3+ chelation, conferring siderophore-like properties under physiological conditions. PF1140 exhibits antifungal activity, notably against Hymenoscyphus fraxineus, and has demonstrated antibacterial effects against Mycoplasma genitalium, potentially via iron-mediated oxidative stress. These properties highlight its role in fungal chemical ecology and iron-dependent cytotoxicity mechanisms. PF1140 represents a valuable scaffold for studying iron-binding natural products and redox-driven antimicrobial activity.