Representative LC/UV chromatogram under typical analytical conditions (C18 column; mobile phase: 5–100% ACN / H2O (0.05% H3PO4), linear gradient 20 min; flow rate: 0.2 mL/min; detection: 210 nm).
NMR Spectral Data
Representative 1H NMR (500 MHz) spectrum confirming the structure of Nocardamine. Representative 13C NMR (125 MHz) spectrum supporting structural assignment of Nocardamine.
Source Organism
Streptomyces sp.
Summary
Nocardamine is a cyclic hydroxamate siderophore that chelates Fe3+ in iron metabolism studies.
Details
Nocardamine, also known as desferrioxamine E, is a cyclic trihydroxamate siderophore produced by Streptomyces species that binds ferric iron (Fe3+) with extremely high affinity. By forming a stable hexadentate Fe3+ complex, it mediates iron uptake in bacteria via specific outer membrane transporters such as FoxA and can also deprive pathogens of iron under limiting conditions. Nocardamine exhibits antimalarial activity through iron chelation-mediated growth inhibition and has been used as a probe to study siderophore-dependent transport systems. Its strong and selective Fe3+ binding makes it a valuable research tool for dissecting iron acquisition, microbial competition, and iron-dependent metabolic pathways.